• Agriculture
• Business
• Marketing
• NJROTC
• Technology
• Practical Nursing
• Trade & Industrial
• Work and Family Studies

AGRICULTURE

Approximately one-half of this course is devoted to agricultural mechanics, with emphasis placed on skill development in basic metals, tool fitting and cold metals, basic arc welding, sheet metal, soldering and brazing, plan reading and sketching, and hand woodworking. The remainder of the course emphasizes the development of competencies in plant sciences, rural and urban living, leadership, and resource conservation.

Students continue to learn agricultural mechanics, with emphasis placed on fundamentals of electricity, arc welding, gas cutting and welding, small engines, power woodworking, and wood and metal preservatives. They also receive instruction in animal science and further develop competencies in rural and urban living, leadership, and resource conservation.

This course emphasizes one or more areas of plant science, animal science, soil science, agricultural business management, and agricultural mechanization, based upon the student's employment objective. Emphasis is placed on individualized instruction and supervised occupational experience programs.

Course includes instruction in agricultural mechanics, with emphasis placed on the application of mechanical skills to farm power and machinery, soil and water management, supervised farming programs, and leadership training.

Students prepare for entry-level employment and advancement in the agricultural equipment industry or for the operation and maintenance of farm equipment. Students learn to use selected hand tools, precision measuring tools, and testing equipment in the maintenance of small engines.

Students enrolled in this course learn operating procedures in a parts department, focusing on newly developed agricultural machines, engine analysis and troubleshooting, basic hydraulics, mechanical power transfer systems, the implement industry, metal fusion, and fabrication welding, and adjustment and repair of tillage equipment.

Students develop the necessary knowledge, skills, habits and attitudes for entry-level employment and advancement in areas such as floriculture, landscape design, greenhouse operation, nursery plant production, and turf management. They receive instruction in using soil and other plant-growing media and in identifying, propagating, and growing horticultural plants in the greenhouse and land laboratory. Instruction is provided in safety practices and leadership development.

Units of instruction in this course include growing greenhouse crops; producing and maintaining nursery crops; establishing, maintaining turfgrass; and operating a flower shop and garden center. Leadership skills continue to be developed.

Much of the instruction is this course may be provided on an individual basis, and cooperative education is recommended. Major learning areas include planning and managing horticulture facilities and crops; managing horticultural businesses; and merchandising, advertising, displaying, and selling horticultural products and services. Leadership development is emphasized.

This course offers an intensive study of the operation, maintenance, and repair of small gasoline and diesel engines. Instructional topics include principles of operation of gasoline and diesel engines, tune-up and maintenance procedures, and disassembly, overhaul, and reassembly. Instruction may also include the operation of two-cycle and four-cycle engines commonly found on lawn mowers, garden tractors, snow blowers, rotary tillers, chain saws, and other equipment. The course emphasizes leadership activities and opportunities to participate in FFA functions.

BUSINESS

Students develop or review correct keyboarding techniques and gain a basic knowledge of word processing, spreadsheet, database, and graphics applications. Students demonstrate an understanding of computer concepts through application of knowledge. Students learn to use software packages and to operate many types of equipment such as word processors, printers, and computers.

This course is designed for secondary school students to develop and enhance touch skills for entering alphabetic, numeric, and symbol information on a keyboard. Students learn to produce simple technical and nontechnical documents.

Students develop or refine touch skills for entering alphabetic, numeric, and symbol information on a keyboard. Students apply keyboarding skills to produce a variety of personal and business documents.

Students explore the roles of business and marketing in the free enterprise system and the global economy. They study how the American economy operates and prepare to make decisions as consumers, wage earners, and citizens.

Students study the basic principles, concepts, and practices of the accounting cycle. Students learn fundamental accounting procedures using manual and an electronic system.

Students gain in-depth knowledge of accounting procedures and techniques used to solve business problems and make financial decisions. Students use accounting and spreadsheet software to analyze and interpret business applications.

Students examine the foundations of the American legal system. Students explore economic and social concepts as they relate to legal principles and to business and personal laws.

Students apply problem-solving skills to real-life situations through word processing, spreadsheet, and database software and through integrated software activities. Students work individually and in groups to explore computer concepts, operating systems, and emerging technologies.

Students develop proficiency in using desktop publishing software to create a variety of business publications. Students work with sophisticated hardware and software to develop multimedia presentations.

Students explore many facets of financial decision-making involved in daily living. Skills in money management, record keeping, and banking are enhanced through the study of basic concepts of economics, insurance, credit, and other related topics.

Students learn an easy, abbreviated writing system of notetaking that enables them to take and transcribe notes for educational, business, or personal use. Students explore reasons for taking notes, ways to listen effectively, and strategies for improving communication and study skills for academic success.

Students enhance word processing and communication skills as they develop competencies needed by administrative support professionals. Students study office procedures such as machine dictation/transcription, telecommunications, electronic records management, and financial records management.

Students develop intermediate to advanced level word processing skills using a variety of software functions, including graphics and desktop publishing, Students gain competence integrating other applications such as database and spreadsheet into word processing activities. Classroom experiences also provide for skill development in communication.

Students learn nursing care of patients of all ages, in various stages of sickness or wellness, and with a variety of disease conditions. They focus on human anatomy, body function, communication, community health, introduction to fundamental nursing skills, nutrition, drug therapy, and elementary medical- surgical nursing.

Classroom and clinical training are given in approved hospitals, licensed nursing homes, or home care settings under the direction of a nurse educator. Instruction emphasizes administration of medicines, advanced and complex patient care, and practice with patients of all ages. Students learn advanced anatomy, physiology, and human behavior as related to health and disease, including mental illness. Upon successful completion of the total program, students qualify to take the practical nurse licensing examination.

MARKETING

Fundamentals of Marketing is a basic elective course offered in the three year Marketing program. Students achieve a basic understanding of marketing and its importance and develop fundamental social, economic, mathematical, marketing, job search, and occupational decision-making competencies necessary for successful initial employment in retail, wholesale, or service businesses.

Students are introduced to functions and foundations involved in the marketing of goods, services, and ideas and achieve competencies necessary for successful marketing employment. Students study risk management, selling, promotion, pricing, purchasing, marketing-information management, product/service planning, distribution, and financing. Foundation competencies include economics, human resources, and marketing and business necessary for success in marketing occupations.

Students continue to gain knowledge of the marketing functions and foundations as they relate to supervisory and management responsibilities and develop skills needed for advancement. They develop competencies for supervisory positions or for continuing education in a marketing related field.

Students interested in owning their own marketing business gain an understanding of the rewards and responsibilities of owning a business and receive guidance in planning for small business ownership. Students develop skills related to the identification of business opportunities, the development of a marketing strategy, financial planning, and the development of a management plan.

NJROTC

The NJROTC program emphasizes responsibilities to the society. It includes classroom study, physical fitness, encourages respectful conduct, self discipline, good personal appearance and leadership training

TECHNOLOGY

Students acquire a foundation in technological material, energy, and information and apply processes associated with the technological thinker. Challenged by laboratory activities, students create new ideas and innovations, build systems, and analyze technological products to learn further how and why technology works. They work in groups to build and control systems with engineering in the development of a technology.

Students work with a variety of computers, materials, and systems to improve their skills and knowledge. Groups work together, applying math, science, and communication concepts, on a project that combines systems such as production, energy, communication, transportation, biotechnology, and other technologies. Thematic activities engage students in community problems where they transfer the technological method to address recycling, space exploration, and housing.

Students learn the principles of architecture and increase understanding of working drawings and construction techniques learned in the prerequisite course. Experiences include residential and commercial building designs, rendering, model making, structural details, and community planning. Students use computer-aided drawing and design (CAD) equipment and established standards or codes to prepare models for presentation. The course provides information helpful for the homeowner and especially beneficial to the future architect, interior designer, or home builder.

Students in this single-period laboratory science course apply physics and math principles through a unified systems approach to develop a broad knowledge base of the principles underlying modern technical systems. As a foundation for more education and training in advanced technology career paths, the "principles and systems" approach insures career flexibility as machines and technology advance. Teachers cover seven technical principles: force, work, rate, resistance, energy, power, and force transformers, emphasizing how each principle plays a unifying role in the operation of mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal systems in high-tech equipment. Note: Principles of Technology I is approved as a laboratory science offering.

TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL

Students learn theory and the manipulative skills necessary to produce complete and accurate drawings based on the ideas and sketches of engineers, architects, and designers. They design and prepare mechanical, structural, and architectural plans.

Students learn to assemble, install, operate, maintain, repair, and troubleshoot electrical/electronic equipment used in industry and manufacturing. Digital and computer circuitry, synchro-and servo-mechanisms, mechanical power transfer systems, three-phase alternate current and electronic waveshaping are included in this program.

Students learn to use hand tools such as trowels, levels, and chisels and power tools such as concrete mixers to lay brick, concrete block, tile, and related materials.

This group of instructional programs prepares students to erect, install, maintain, and repair buildings, highways, airports, missile sites, and other structures using materials such as metal, wood, stone, brick, glass, concrete and composition substances. Students develop skills in estimating costs; cutting, fastening, and fitting various materials; using hand and power tools; and following technical specifications and blueprints.

This combination approach includes learning experiences in both carpentry and cabinetmaking to meet the needs of students who have interests and abilities in both occupations. Small contracting firms or contractors in rural areas usually prefer to employ individuals with entry-level skills in more than one occupation identified in the building trades industry. Many of the skills and much of the theory are transferable from these occupations to others.

Students develop skills in the installation, operation, maintenance, and repair of residential, commercial, and industrial electrical systems. They also study dc and ac motors, controls, and electrical-distribution panels.

Students learn to use gases and/or welding processes and to braze and solder metal parts according to diagrams, blueprints, or written specifications.

Students who wish to assist a licensed cosmetologist in the areas of shampooing, conditioning, and draping the client in preparation of a service cosmetologist will benefit from this certificate program. Students acquire knowledge of sanitation and safety, applied product knowledge, and product application. The program emphasizes receptionist training with applied math and marketing skills.

Cosmetology is the study of hair, skin, and nails and their related care. Students study and prepare in a clinical lab setting, using mannequins and live models for manipulative skill practice. The program emphasizes safety and sanitation, communication, and management skills. Related areas of study include psychology, ethics, and presentation of a professional image. Competency completions prepare the student for the Virginia Board of Cosmetology licensing exam.

Students learn the theory, principles, and techniques of developing, administering, and managing services for the safety and protection of people and property.

Students learn to repair the body and fenders of automobiles. Instruction in body preparation for painting and finishing is included.

Students learn to repair fuel, electrical, cooling, brake, drive train, and suspension systems. Instruction is given also in the adjustment and repair of individual components and systems such as radiators, transmission, and carburetors.

Students learn to maintain and repair small internal-combustion engines used on portable power equipment such as lawnmowers, chain saws, rotary tillers. motorcycles, and snowmobiles, and other 2- and 4- cycle engines.

WORK AND FAMILY STUDIES

Students enrolled in Family Relations focus on analyzing the significance of the family, nurturing human development in the family throughout the life span, analyzing factor that build and maintain healthy family relationships, developing communication patterns that enhance family relationships, dealing effectively with family stressors and conflicts, managing work and family roles and responsibilities, and analyzing social forces that influence families across the life span. Teachers highlight basic math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.

Students enrolled in Individual Development focus on encouraging personal potential of self and others throughout the life span; enhancing positive views of self and others; managing stressful situations; formulating a plan to achieve career goals; forming healthy, caring relationships with family members and peers; managing conflict; choosing responsible ways to express oneself; and evaluating the importance of responsible parenting to individuals, families and society. Teachers highlight basic math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.

Students enrolled in Life Planning focus on developing a life management plan; caring for self and others to ensure wellness; building and maintaining constructive relationships; building and maintaining strong, functional families; developing strategies for lifelong career planning; coordinating personal and career responsibilities; and establishing a plan for using resources. Teachers highlight the basic skills of math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.

Students enrolled in Nutrition and Wellness focus on making choices that promote wellness and good health; analyzing relationships between psychological and social needs and food choices; choosing foods that promote wellness; obtaining and storing food for self and family; preparing and serving nutritious meals and snacks; selecting and using equipment for food preparation; and identifying strategies to promote optimal nutrition and wellness of society. Teachers highlight the basic skills of math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.

Students enrolled in Parenting focus on assessing the impact of the parenting role in society; taking responsibility for the individual growth within the parenting role; preparing for a healthy emotional and physical beginning for parent and child; meeting developmental needs of children and adolescents; building positive guidance and discipline to promote self-discipline, self-respect, and socially responsible behavior; obtaining parenting information, support, and assistance; and planning ways that families and society can share in nurturing children and adolescents. Teachers highlight the basic skills of math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.

Students enrolled in Resource Management focus on managing resources to achieve individual goals; making informed consumer choices; creating and maintaining a living environment that supports the well-being of individuals; living in a global environment; making decisions related to nutrition, clothing, and housing; and managing a household. Teaches highlight the basic skills of math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.

Students prepare to be primary providers of home-,family-, or institution-based child care services by focusing their study on the planning, organizing, and conducting of meaningful play and learning activities; child monitoring and supervision; recordkeeping; and referral procedures. Teachers highlight the basic skills of math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.

Students prepare for positions in child care centers as child care attendants, kindergarten aides, or child care assistants; as foster parents; or as entrepreneurs. Cooperative (on-the- job) education or an internship under the supervision of the instructor is an option. Teachers highlight the basic skills of math, science, and communications when appropriate in the content.

Students prepare for managerial, production, and service skills used in government, commercial, or independently owned institutional food establishments and related food industry occupations. Their study includes planning, selecting, storing, purchasing, preparing, and serving food and food products; basic nutrition, sanitation, and food safety; the use and care of commercial equipment; serving techniques; and the operation of institutional food establishments. Teachers highlight the basic skills of math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.

Students extend and expand skills to prepare for occupations such as chef/cook, baker/pastry helper, pastry decorator, hospitality worker, dietetic aide/assistant, food demonstrator, mixologist, and entrepreneur. Cooperative (on-the-job) education or an internship under the supervision of the instructor is an option. Teachers highlight the basic skills for math, science, and communication when appropriate in the content.